Objectives - To describe, between 2005 and 2020, the rates of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or C (CHC), as well as the associated in-hospital morbidity and mortality. Methods - Hospital stays for adult patients were extracted from the Medical Information Systems Program—Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics, and Dentistry (PMSI-MCO). The rate of patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of CHB or CHC was calculated by dividing the number of patients with CHB or CHC as a primary diagnosis (PD), related diagnosis (RD), or significant associated diagnosis (SAD) by the total number of hospitalized patients. The analysis of in-hospital morbidity and mortality focused exclusively on patients with either HCB or HCC as a PD/RD, or a complication of HCB or HCC as a PD/RD with HCB or HCC as a SAS. Results - Between 2005 and 2020, the annual rate of hospitalized patients with CHB and HCC decreased from 0.11% to 0.07% and from 0.45% to 0.10%, respectively. The number of patients hospitalized for CHB or HCC decreased by 62% and 88%, respectively; the proportion of patients with a complication increased (CHB: from 28% to 43%; HCC: from 26% to 72%); and the number of deaths decreased (CHB: -43%; CHB: -58%). Conclusion - These results show a decline in the incidence and morbidity and mortality associated with chronic hepatitis B and C in the hospitalized population, which is more pronounced for CHB. These indicators are essential for monitoring the elimination of viral hepatitis B and C.