For a long time, public information and prevention campaigns in the French overseas departments—designed in mainland France—remained ill-suited to the populations of those territories. Since the late 1990s, the INPES and the Ministry of Health have made significant efforts to take into account the expectations of residents, their history, and their perceptions of health. The first, more targeted campaigns focused on HIV/AIDS prevention. Others are beginning to emerge on new topics. But much remains to be done to ensure that prevention messages are fully tailored to the target populations.