The results presented here pertain to cases of active tuberculosis reported in France during 2005 under the mandatory reporting system. In 2005, the number of tuberculosis cases reported in France was 5,374, or 8.9 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The reporting rate per 100,000 was less than 10 in all French regions, with the exception of Île-de-France and French Guiana (rates of 19.7/100,000 and 44.0/100,000, respectively). High reporting rates were observed in certain population groups, such as people born abroad (41.5/10,000), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (160/10,000), and those who had arrived in France less than two years prior (251/10,000), as well as homeless individuals (214/10,000) and people aged 80 and older (21.7/10,000). Pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 73% of reported cases, 79% of which were contagious (pulmonary cases with positive microscopy or culture results). Data on reported tuberculosis cases in 2005 indicate a continued decline in incidence in France. However, the high incidence in certain population groups requires public health measures to be adapted to the needs of these populations, which are most at risk of tuberculosis.