The monitoring of antibiotic use conducted as part of the ATB-Raisin network contributes to the appropriate use of antibiotics. The objectives are to enable each healthcare facility to describe and analyze its antibiotic use in comparison with a comparable group and to cross-reference this data with bacterial resistance data. Systemic ATBs in class J01 of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification, rifampicin, and oral imidazoles, dispensed during inpatient stays, were expressed in terms of defined daily doses (DDD) and reported relative to hospital bed-days (HB) in accordance with national and World Health Organization recommendations (ATC-DDD system, 2009). Resistance data were collected for seven bacteria/antibiotic pairs. The 997 participating healthcare facilities in 2009 accounted for nearly 50% of inpatient beds and had consumed 379 DDD/1,000 HD. The most commonly used antibiotics were the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination (32%), amoxicillin (17%), and ofloxacin (5%). Median antibiotic consumption ranged from 55 DDD/1,000 patient-days in psychiatric hospitals to 676 in military teaching hospitals. Variations were observed across specialties, ranging from 60 DDD/1,000 patient-days in psychiatry to 1,528 in intensive care. Resistance data were consistent with those from specific networks. Network-based surveillance of detailed consumption data allows each healthcare facility to assess its position for comparison purposes, exchange information on practices and organizational structures, and monitor evolving trends. Analysis of antibiotic consumption should be supplemented by an evaluation of practices. (R.A.)