Objective: There is little data on workplace accidents among self-employed individuals in the retail and skilled trades sectors because there is no relevant legislation or statistical database. We conducted an epidemiological study of these workplace accidents in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region over a two-month period. We compared them with those of employees to explore the possibility of joint risk prevention within micro-enterprises. Methods: For the self-employed, the numerator consisted of victims who submitted a sick leave form, and the denominator was the working population. A questionnaire investigated the circumstances of the incidents. Information on employees was obtained through a literature review. Results: The incidence rate of workplace accidents among the self-employed was 15 per 1,000 person-years, including 0.67 per 1,000 violent assaults and 2.47 per 1,000 commuting accidents. Male gender (OR: 2.058, 95% CI 1.395–3.038) and working in the construction sector (OR: 4.849, 95% CI 2.121–11.087) were risk factors. A comparison with the rate among French employees (39 per 1,000) suggests a lower risk, underreporting, or a different definition of the phenomenon under study. However, commuting accidents during work (1.54 per 1,000) exceeded those among employees (1.18 per 1,000). Conclusion: Self-employed workers exhibit specific accident patterns (violence, commuting accidents, falls), but for certain sectors such as construction, where the incidence of accidents is high in both groups, joint prevention efforts with employees may be warranted.