Although infectious and parasitic diseases pose a serious public health concern in Mayotte, a French departmental collectivity in the Comoros archipelago, epidemiological data on these diseases remain fragmented. Indeed, the national disease reporting and notification system is not legally applicable in Mayotte, and the transmission of data to health authorities is not systematic there. In accordance with the recommendations of Mayotte’s current territorial health organization plan and at the request of the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, the Interregional Epidemiology Unit (CIRE) of Réunion and Mayotte led the development of a proposal for an integrated epidemiological surveillance and alert system for infectious and parasitic diseases. This report presents the conceptual framework and recommendations for implementing this system. This work was carried out based on a consensus among local partners, taking into account local and national public health priorities, the needs of data users, and the constraints faced by data producers. A list of eleven diseases to be prioritized for surveillance was selected (malaria, leprosy, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, acute diarrhea, acute respiratory infections, male urethritis, viral hepatitis B, syphilis, HIV infection, acute rheumatic fever), to which are added any acute and severe toxic or infectious diseases, whether rare or emerging. The recommended framework includes an alert system and a routine surveillance system. To encourage the support and participation of all relevant stakeholders, the amount of data to be collected has been limited to what is strictly necessary, the transmission process has been simplified, and plans are in place to ensure that information is systematically and adequately relayed to users, particularly public health services, such as vector control. To be functional and meet the objectives defined by all stakeholders, this system should be managed by an epidemiological surveillance unit based at the DASS in Mayotte. The population of Mayotte appears to suffer from numerous endemic infections punctuated by recurring epidemic outbreaks. The establishment of a sustainable system for alerting and monitoring infectious and parasitic diseases in Mayotte will undoubtedly make it possible to anticipate certain epidemics and guide the implementation and evaluation of public health actions in the field of infectious and parasitic diseases. (R.A.)