Objectives: While various national and local public health initiatives are being implemented to improve breastfeeding rates and duration in France, we conducted a study to identify the factors associated with breastfeeding at the maternity ward of Antoine-Béclère Hospital in Clamart in 2002. Methods: This prospective study included newborns from singleton pregnancies delivered at the maternity ward of the Antoine-Béclère Hospital (Clamart), excluding extremely preterm infants (<31 weeks’ gestation). Their mothers were interviewed during their stay in the postpartum unit, at 1 month, and at 6 months of the child’s age. Data were collected on their medical history, pregnancy and delivery, the infant’s health and feeding method, and the reasons for choosing the child’s feeding method. Results: A total of 562 newborns were included between January 7 and April 7, 2002. The rates of breastfed infants at birth and at discharge from the maternity ward were 73% and 68%, respectively. Among these, 89% were still being breastfed at 1 month, and 37% of infants being breastfed at 1 month were still being breastfed at 6 months (representing 11% of the infants initially included). Factors associated with breastfeeding at 1 month were higher educational attainment (ORa: 2.4 [1.0–5.7] compared to primary school level), multiparity (ORa: 3.0 [1.2–8.0] compared to primiparous women), and full-term birth (ORa: 6.6 [2.4–18.4] compared to preterm birth). Furthermore, taking medication during pregnancy (ORa: 0.2 [0.04–0.6]) and having a medical history (ORa: 0.4 [0.2–1.0]) were associated with a lower rate of breastfeeding at 1 month. Among women who were breastfeeding at 1 month, continued breastfeeding at 6 months was associated with educational level (ORa: 2.2 [1.0–5.0]), having chosen the feeding method during pregnancy (ORa: 2.5 [1.1–5.0] compared to those who did not make a choice), and assisted reproductive technology (ORa: 5.0 [1.2–14.3] compared to spontaneous conception). Discussion: The breastfeeding rates observed in this maternity ward are higher than those observed nationally at discharge from the maternity ward. The factors associated with continued breastfeeding at 1 and 6 months allow for the identification of women who may be particularly encouraged to breastfeed by the staff involved during pregnancy follow-up. Interventions implemented to promote breastfeeding should therefore primarily involve maternity ward staff. (R.A.)