As in other French regions, the results of an analysis of cancer incidence and mortality in French Guiana were published in early 2019 and presented to the French Guiana Regional Health Agency to address local information needs. A total of 23 cancer sites, as well as an “all cancers” category, were studied over the 2007–2014 period. In French Guiana, an average of 456 new cancer cases and 128 cancer deaths are recorded each year. The median age at diagnosis is 59 years, and 66 years at death. Compared to mainland France, the overall cancer situation in French Guiana is more favorable in terms of incidence and mortality. However, this region is characterized by an excess incidence and excess mortality of stomach cancer for both sexes, as well as an excess incidence of cervical cancer and multiple myeloma among women. The population of French Guiana is affected by risk factors associated with the development of cancer, such as being overweight or obese, as well as by the presence in the region of infectious agents classified as known carcinogens, which could explain this situation. The results of this study should contribute to the prioritization of local public health strategies aimed at improving the prevention, screening, and management of cancer in French Guiana.