Key Points

Electronic Reporting

• In the Centre-Val de Loire region, electronic reporting of tuberculosis (via the e-DO app) accounted for 85% of reports in the first quarter of 2024, exceeding the national rate of electronic reporting.

Trends in Tuberculosis Incidence

• The standardized incidence rate in the Centre-Val de Loire region (6.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) is slightly lower than that recorded in mainland France (7.1 cases per 100,000 inhabitants). It is the second highest recorded in mainland France after Île-de-France (13.8 cases per 100,000 inhabitants).

• An increase in the standardized case rate was observed in 2023 compared to the two previous years. A decline in this indicator was recorded over the 2020–2022 period, likely largely due to the health crisis.

• The standardized case rate has continued to decline overall over the past 10 years in the Centre-Val de Loire region, as it has at the national level. In 2023, this rate was comparable to those recorded before the pandemic.

• The incidence of tuberculosis is higher among men and those aged 15–24.

• The incidence continues to decline among those over 40, and half of the cases reported over the past five years involve young adults (ages 25–39).

• Reported cases of active tuberculosis primarily involve highly vulnerable individuals who have recently arrived from areas or countries with high tuberculosis endemicity or who are of immigrant origin.

Main clinical and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis

• Cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, whether isolated or associated with extrapulmonary sites, remain the vast majority (80%) and are bacilliferous—and therefore contagious (smear-positive or positive microscopic examination)—in half of all cases.

• The frequency of severe forms (meningoencephalitis or miliary tuberculosis) remains low (<20% of cases) and has been stable in recent years.

Multidrug resistance

• The incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis cases resistant to the two main first-line antituberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin) remains low and stable in France, as well as in the Centre-Val de Loire region.

Treatment Outcomes

• In terms of tuberculosis control performance indicators, information on treatment outcomes was available for 84% of cases, which is comparable to the treatment success target set by the WHO (85%).