Against the backdrop of an overall decline in traffic-related injuries, this article presents a detailed analysis of trends in this area. The Rhône Registry of Road Traffic Accident Victims tracks all road traffic injuries and fatalities—whether hospitalized or not—in both public and private hospitals. A decline in the number of victims was observed in 2002 and 2003, allowing for a comparison of two relatively stable periods: 1996–2001 and 2003–2008. The decline in incidence (-24% overall) primarily affected fatalities (-39%), motorists (-36%), and children (-41%). The frequency of nearly all injuries decreased. The incidence of injuries beyond the scope of any therapeutic intervention has been reduced by more than fourfold. However, the incidence of bilateral pulmonary contusions, which cause respiratory distress, has increased. Among survivors, the incidence of most injuries leading to severe sequelae has decreased. But the incidence of quadriplegia, which is very rare, remains stable. Knee ligament injuries have increased significantly, but they are less disabling than injuries causing neurological sequelae, which are on the decline. Gender differences (types of road users, incidence, and severity) remain unchanged. Strengthened road safety prevention policies have proven effective. Action still needs to be taken regarding motorcyclists, who are highly vulnerable and whose incidence has not decreased. Since 2007, the number of male motorcyclists has exceeded that of male drivers. (R.A.)