The health risks associated with urban air pollution have been assessed in numerous epidemiological studies, including the Air and Health Monitoring Program in 9 French Cities (PSAS-9), launched in 1997. PSAS-9 has also developed a methodological guide that, by utilizing the results of national and international studies, enables the local quantification of the health impact of air pollution and the estimation of potential health benefits under various air pollution reduction scenarios, for cities where an epidemiological study cannot be conducted due to an insufficient population size. The objective is to enable health professionals to provide actionable health information within the framework of various local and regional air quality management plans, in accordance with the Air Quality and Rational Energy Use Act. The first version of the guide allowed only for the study of the short-term impact of air pollution on premature mortality and hospital admissions. Therefore, it was updated in June 2003 to reflect new knowledge regarding the short- and long-term impacts of air pollution. Concurrently, an assessment of how health issues are addressed in Regional Air Quality Plans (PRQA) in metropolitan France was conducted. This study also reviews 15 health impact assessments of air pollution (EIS-PA). Since then, nine new studies have been conducted, bringing the total number of EIS-PA studies to twenty-four. It therefore seems appropriate to conduct a new review of these studies in terms of methodology and results, and to discuss their utility for decision-making. (R.A.)