Introduction: Individual strategies for weight management may serve as a means of preventing the onset of obesity. Our objective was to describe reported weight management intentions in the general adult population in France. Methods: The national Nutrition-Health study, conducted in 2006–2007 among a national sample of adults, included data on body weight, attempts to lose weight or avoid weight gain, socioeconomic characteristics, and dietary intake. Statistical analyses were performed separately by sex, adjusting for age, smoking status, sociodemographic status, physical activity level, and the presence of comorbidities. Results: Over the previous 12 months, 43.2% of women and 24.3% of men had attempted to lose weight (p < 0.03), and 21.9% and 23.1% had attempted to avoid gaining weight. Obese individuals, those whose dietary intake was closest to nutritional recommendations, former smokers, and men with the highest educational attainment were more represented among adults who had tried to lose weight than among those who had made no attempt. After adjustment, their caloric intake was lower. Among men, their consumption was higher for fruits and vegetables, yogurt, and sugary drinks. Among women, consumption of grains, alcohol, and calcium was higher. Discussion: Attempts to manage weight are as common in France (56.2%) as in the United States (51.3%), even though obesity is less prevalent there. These attempts are accompanied by changes in dietary habits, though these are not always beneficial to health. (R.A.)