This article presents the various aspects of the health status of people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving hospital care in France and describes the profile and testing context of individuals diagnosed in recent years. The data are based on the ANRS-Vespa2 survey, a representative national survey of PLHIV receiving hospital care in 2011, which followed up on an initial survey conducted in 2003 using a similar protocol. The median duration since diagnosis in 2011 was 12 years, with marked differences across socio-epidemiological groups. More than 9 out of 10 patients (93.3%) were receiving antiretroviral therapy in 2011. Among them, 56.7% had more than 500 CD4 cells/mm³ and 88.5% had a controlled viral load, representing significant improvement compared to 2003. Overall, 16.3% of patients were infected with HCV, 17.5% were on lipid-lowering therapy, 17.1% on antihypertensive therapy, 4.2% on antidiabetic therapy, and 12.9% reported a major depressive episode during the year. Nearly a quarter (24.0%) were hospitalized during the year. Among those newly diagnosed since 2003, 36.4% were men who have sex with men, 39.7% were immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa, 2.4% were drug users, and 21.5% were other heterosexual men and women. Sociodemographic characteristics, circumstances of HIV diagnosis, and disease stage at diagnosis vary significantly among these groups. (R.A.)