A survey revealed the potential for tuberculosis transmission in units caring for HIV-positive patients; in this study, 22 units (out of 139) reported having had at least one case of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis during 1993. To clarify the preventive measures implemented when cases of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis occurred, a follow-up study was conducted in these 22 units in 1994. (R.A.)