This article presents an epidemiological and virological overview of influenza activity in mainland France during the 2007–2008 season. Methods - The article is based on community-based influenza surveillance data provided by the Sentinelles network and the Grog network, virological analyses from the National Reference Centers for Influenza Viruses and partner laboratories of the Grog and Renal networks (National Network of Hospital Laboratories), surveillance of emergency department visits and hospitalizations for clinical influenza (Oscour network), surveillance data on mortality from clinical influenza (network of 22 Departmental Directorates of Health and Social Affairs—DDASS), reports of outbreaks of acute respiratory infections in elderly care facilities, as well as specific surveillance of possible human cases of influenza A(H5N1). Results - The 2007–2008 season was characterized by a moderate and relatively mild influenza epidemic that occurred between mid-January and early March 2008. The epidemic peak occurred in week 06/2008 (early February). Influenza viruses were detected throughout the surveillance period, with initial predominant circulation of influenza A(H1N1) viruses, followed by later circulation of type B viruses and a prolonged tail of the epidemic. Numerous outbreaks of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in elderly care facilities were reported during the period of influenza virus circulation, particularly during the second phase of the epidemic. No human infections with the A(H5N1) virus were identified in France or Europe. (R.A.)