Combating the hepatitis C epidemic among people who use drugs, particularly those who inject drugs, requires the development of new approaches and strategies. The early onset of HCV infection—often occurring with the very first injections—suggests that preventing the transition to injection drug use is one such approach. Interventions along these lines are beginning to be developed around the world. Any adaptation of such interventions in France first requires a better understanding of the context and circumstances surrounding the first injections.