In France, in 2018, the estimated number of new cases of chronic myeloid leukemia was 872, including 480 cases in men and 392 in women. Key points: Favorable prognosis with a 5-year age-standardized net survival rate of 85% for those diagnosed between 2010 and 2015; 5-year net survival remains relatively stable up to age 60 at diagnosis and then declines for those diagnosed at an older age; Significant improvement in net survival between 1990 and 2010 regardless of age at diagnosis, followed by stagnation between 2010 and 2015; Significant improvement in 10-year standardized net survival: from 21% in 1990 to 83% in 2010; People diagnosed after 2010 die more frequently from causes other than their CML; Excess mortality was virtually zero, observed only among the youngest patients diagnosed in 2015, starting in the first year of follow-up.