Along with incidence, mortality, and prevalence, survival is a key indicator for the epidemiological surveillance and monitoring of cancers; it is essential for evaluating the healthcare system as a whole and measuring the impact of public policies on prevention, screening, and care. This is the first survival study conducted using registry data for Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Réunion. These results, presented in separate publications for each department, provide estimates of 1- and 5-year survival following a cancer diagnosis for ten cancer sites and compare these estimates to those from mainland France published between September 2020 and July 2021. The key elements of the methodology used are detailed in a separate document. The decision was made to discuss the results for each cancer site and then provide points of comparison with mainland France to better understand the specific characteristics observed in these territories. In oncology, while the overall incidence of cancer is lower than in mainland France, certain cancer sites show an excess incidence, foremost among which is prostate cancer, which accounts for more than 33% of all cancer cases each year. Higher incidence rates than in mainland France are also found for stomach cancer, cervical cancer, and, to a lesser extent, multiple myeloma. Furthermore, in Guadeloupe and Martinique, social inequalities in incidence have been identified for certain cancer sites. The survival studies presented here will provide essential additional data for adapting the measures of the 2021–2030 ten-year cancer control strategy in these territories. In Guadeloupe, for the ten cancer sites studied, the 5-year age-standardized survival (ASS) for cancers is generally lower than that of mainland France, but the results show significant disparities depending on the site: the differences in 5-year survival after diagnosis thus range from a 20-percentage-point gap for uterine body cancer (to the detriment of Guadeloupe) to a 1-percentage-point gap for prostate cancer. In terms of prognosis, these ten cancers can be divided into three categories based on 5-year SSS. Cancers with a good prognosis, for which the 5-year survival rate exceeds 65%. This is the case for prostate cancer (94%), whose survival rate is similar to that in mainland France (93%). It is also the case for breast cancer in women, with a 5-year survival rate of 79%, which remains, however, lower than that in mainland France (88%). Cancers with an intermediate prognosis, for which the 5-year survival rate (SNS) ranges between 35% and 65%. Colorectal cancer (57%), cancers of the uterine body (55%) and the cervix (57%), as well as multiple myeloma and plasmacytoma (51%), meet this criterion. The largest difference in the SNS within this group is found for uterine body cancer, which is 20 percentage points lower than the SNS in mainland France (74%). Cancers with a poor prognosis, for which the 5-year survival rate is below 35%. Cancers of the lip, mouth, and pharynx (35%), stomach cancer (30%), lung cancer (14%), and esophageal cancer (5%) fall into this category. The differences in 5-year survival rates compared to mainland France are significant, with notably lower survival rates in Guadeloupe for people with cancers of the lip, mouth, and pharynx, as well as esophageal and lung cancer. The excess mortality rate for people with stomach cancer is identical to that observed in mainland France. For the majority of the cancers studied, excess mortality rates peak at the time of diagnosis and during the 2–3 years following diagnosis. Various factors related to the individual (age at diagnosis, comorbidities), the disease (stage at diagnosis, intensity of treatment), or the availability of care (delays in treatment due to technical infrastructure) may account for the observed differences in excess mortality rates and require further analysis, particularly for cancer sites where the differences are most significant.