Surveillance of suicides potentially related to work
Background: The epidemiology of work-related suicides remains poorly understood in France, despite the issue’s growing prominence in public discourse. An exploratory study had demonstrated the unique and valuable potential of data from forensic medicine institute (FMI) reports for identifying suicides potentially linked to work. The objectives of this study were to: i) propose a definition of suicides potentially related to work, ii) test the feasibility of developing an epidemiological surveillance system for these suicides using data from the IMLs, and iii) estimate the proportion of these suicides among all suicides examined by the IMLs. Method: Santé publique France, in collaboration with eight IMLs and CépiDc-Inserm, conducted a feasibility study over a one-year period. For each case of suicide or death of undetermined intent, medical examiners provided Santé publique France with information on the characteristics of the death, the forensic investigations conducted, sociodemographic data, occupational characteristics, and indicators of potential links between the death and work. The definition used for a suicide potentially linked to work was established by a thematic support committee on mental health and work, led by Santé publique France. A suicide is considered potentially linked to work if at least one of the following situations was present: 1/ The death occurred at the workplace; 2/ A letter left by the victim citing their working conditions; 3/ Death while wearing work clothes even though the victim was not working; 4/ Testimony from relatives citing the victim’s working conditions; 5/ Known work-related difficulties reported by relatives or investigators. Descriptive analyses of suicide deaths were conducted, and the estimated proportion of suicides potentially work-related was calculated. Results: A total of 1,293 deaths were examined between January 1 and December 31, 2018. Suicides accounted for 88% of the cases recorded (n=1,135), most of whom were men (72%). In this study, 10% of suicides were potentially work-related according to the definition established by the thematic support committee. Among those whose employment status was known, 28% were employed at the time of death. Among these, work appeared to have played a role in 42% of the suicides. Those who were not employed at the time of death were retired, unemployed, in training, or on leave for health reasons. Discussion - Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of developing a surveillance system for suicides potentially linked to work using data from medical examiners’ offices and enables proposals to be made to improve understanding of these suicides. It also underscored the importance of taking action to reduce suicidal acts in the general population as well as in the workplace. The study recommends expanding this system nationwide and ensuring its long-term sustainability. It is proposed to integrate or attach to the supplementary medical section of the death certificate a questionnaire containing the data deemed relevant by this study. Thus, in the long term, depending on the quality of the data collected through this system, Santé publique France could monitor suicides potentially linked to work, which would complement its other work on suicidal behavior by occupational category and sector of activity.
Author(s): Gigonzac Virginie, Khireddine-Medouni Imane, Chan-Chee Christine, Chérié-Challine Laurence
Publishing year: 2021
Pages: 37 p.
Collection: Studies and Surveys
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