National Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism, March 11, 2021
On the occasion of the National Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism, Santé publique France highlights the importance of support services for those affected, as well as the assessment of the psychological and traumatic impacts of terrorism.
Established by Decree No. 2019-1148 of November 7, 2019, this national day of tribute to victims has also served as the European Day of Remembrance for Victims of Terrorism since 2005. Santé publique France joins in this tribute. Since the November 2015 attacks, Santé publique France has conducted the Espa survey (Post-November 2015 Attacks Public Health Survey) among individuals directly or indirectly affected by these attacks.
The first phase of the Espa survey was conducted between July and November 2016. It helped assess the extent of the psychological impact of the attacks and identify potential interventions:
a significant impact on those directly threatened, as well as on witnesses and the relatives of those involved in the events
the beneficial role of organizations in providing support
the need to extend care over time and to strengthen information and support efforts for witnesses and relatives of those involved in the events)
Five years later, it is important to reassess the psychological impact and the use of psychological care. To this end, Santé publique France launched the second phase of the ESPA survey in November 2020.
Objectives of the ESPA survey
To assess the psychological trauma five years after the November 13, 2015, attacks, as well as how this impact has evolved since the first phase of the survey in 2016.
To describe and compare the use of care services since the attacks.
For individuals who agree to provide their Social Security number, track their health data with the Health Insurance system five years prior to the attacks and ten years afterward.
Participation figures for the second phase of the Espa survey as of March 11, 2021
761 people have already participated in the survey
330 civilians (30% men / 70% women, average age 44)
428 first responders (72% men / 28% women, average age 42, 24 Cump, 177 BSPP, 44 civilian or military hospital staff, 11 SAMU members, 38 members of the Paris Red Cross, 31 members of the Paris Civil Protection, 33 National Police employees, 22 employees of the Paris Police Prefecture, 3 employees of the City of Paris)
The Espa survey is available online until April 5, 2021.
referenceWhy participate?
Espa2 Survey: Listen to the audio spots
Témoignage de Bastien BRUL
Témoignage de Carole DAMIANI
Témoignage de Denis PESCHANSKI
Témoignage de Thierry BAUBET
We would like to thank all the participants, as well as our funders and partners, without whom this study could not have taken place: Program 13-11, Inserm, CNRS, HESAM University, PIA, ANR, Ministry of Solidarity and Health, Interministerial Delegation for Victim Assistance, Ministry of Justice, Paris Police Prefecture, National Police, Armed Forces Health Service, AP-HP, CUMP, BSPP, Paris City Hall, CN2R, Civil Protection, French Red Cross, Paris Victim Support, FENVAC, AfVT, 13onze15 Fraternity and Truth, Life for Paris, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, FGTI, Osé.
Post-traumatic stress
thematic dossier
Terrorist attacks have a profound and lasting psychological impact on exposed civilians and first responders, particularly on civilians who were directly threatened or have lost loved ones, but...
