The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996 led to a decrease in the incidence of opportunistic infections and an increase in survival among patients with AIDS. Since its introduction, no study in France has examined survival in a large population of patients with AIDS. The objectives of this study, conducted among adults with AIDS diagnosed in Paris between 1994 and 2001, are: to identify prognostic factors associated with survival; to estimate the relative risk (RR) of death among these individuals, based on the periods during which various antiretroviral (ARV) treatments were available between January 1, 1994, and October 31, 2002. (Introduction)