This article provides an overview, as of December 31, 2004, of the epidemiological data available on HIV infection and AIDS in France based on existing surveillance systems: mandatory reporting of HIV infection diagnoses, implemented in March 2003; virological surveillance, which allows for estimating the proportion of recent infections (less than 6 months) among HIV infection diagnoses and for tracking the evolution of the virus subtypes currently circulating in France; mandatory reporting of AIDS cases, which allows for characterizing individuals in the most advanced stage of the disease; the HIV testing initiative, LaboVIH, which has been collecting comprehensive testing data from all laboratories (both private and hospital-based) since 2001. The operation of these various surveillance systems has been described previously. Data from mandatory reporting of HIV and AIDS were analyzed for the 2003–2004 period.