The aim of this article is to describe the sexual behaviors of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in France in 2011, and in particular to assess the frequency of behaviors that carry a risk of HIV transmission. Data were collected during face-to-face interviews as part of the ANRS-Vespa2 survey (HIV: Survey of People Living with HIV) among a representative sample of PLHIV receiving hospital care in France. In 2011, 71% of PLHIV reported being sexually active: 62.5% had a primary partner, and 32.5% had at least one casual partner (in the past 12 months). Non-consistent condom use is significantly more common among women than among men, and more common in seroconcordant couples than in serodiscordant couples: 76.4% versus 36.1% among women (p<0.0001); 54.7% versus 21.2% (p<0.0001) among men (excluding men who have sex with men, MSM); and 46.4% versus 21.2% (p<0.0001) among MSM. Among all PLHIV, 8.2% are at risk of HIV transmission from a biomedical perspective and report at least one instance of unprotected intercourse in the past year. Condom use does not differ between these "at-risk" PLHIV and the others. (R.A.)