The surveillance data on AIDS cases presented in this article were compiled for cases diagnosed through June 30, 2001, based on notification forms received by the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS) through September 30, 2001. The number of people still alive after developing a condition classified as AIDS is increasing. The number of deaths is declining slightly, with approximately 260 cases in the first half of 2001. As of June 30, 2001, the estimated number of people living with AIDS ranged from 23,200 to 25,500, and the total number of deaths since the start of the epidemic ranged from 36,700 to 40,000. A significant number of patients among the new AIDS cases were not treated until an advanced stage due to a lack of screening. The characteristics of AIDS cases diagnosed in the first half of 2001 are presented. The organization of surveillance and the description of reporting to the Institute for Public Health Surveillance are discussed in the final section of the article.