Introduction - The late 2000s marked a major turning point in HIV management: HIV-positive individuals on effective antiretroviral therapy with biologically undetectable viral loads no longer transmit the virus. These advances gave rise to the research’s initial question: What remains of the social stigma associated with HIV? For recently infected individuals, does achieving, or the prospect of achieving, an undetectable viral load lead to the disappearance of the subjective experiences of shame and/or stigmatization previously described in sociological studies and, more broadly, in public health data? Materials and Methods - This article presents the main findings of a sociological study on the experiences of HIV-positive status among gay men. A qualitative longitudinal study conducted during the first two years following medical diagnosis combines repeated biographical interviews (n=35) with these men and multi-sited observations within the various spaces they frequent and navigate (HIV testing centers, HIV/AIDS and/or LGBT-related organizations, social spaces, and private spheres involving friends, family, and romantic partners). Results - HIV-positive status is subject to a specific form of socialization, marked by a process of disqualification and downgrading of homosexuality and associated lifestyles. The biological undetectability of the HIV virus in the body does not lead to the disappearance of subjective experiences of shame and/or stigmatization. Discussion-Conclusion - While treatments and diagnostic tools make HIV biologically undetectable, the diagnosis nevertheless renews, reactivates, or brings to the surface moral questioning regarding homosexuality. The stigma of HIV seems all the more burdensome in a context where gay men—who are largely aware of the risks of infection and subject to the imperative of a duty of precaution, and ultimately of health—are held accountable and made to feel guilty. The diverse life trajectories of gay men are affected by HIV status. For men with fewer resources (economic, cultural, social), the experience of HIV status tends to increase isolation and trigger a resurgence of homophobic attitudes.