Introduction - Based on two regional analyses of cross-sectional surveys of the general population, this article presents the levels of cannabis use among young people in the Île-de-France region in 2005, trends since 1997, and the factors influencing this use, with the aim of identifying the region’s specific characteristics. Method - The Baromètre jeunes 97/98 and the Baromètre santé 2005 were conducted among the general population using random samples representative of the population of metropolitan France. An oversample of young people aged 12–25 in the Île-de-France region was conducted in 2005. Results - In 2005, levels of cannabis use were comparable between the Île-de-France region and the provinces, but a higher proportion of young people in the Île-de-France region than in the provinces engaged in problematic cannabis use. With comparable levels of alcohol and tobacco use, young people in the Ile-de-France region are at a higher risk than those in the provinces of having used cannabis at least 10 times in the past 12 months. Conclusion - The Ile-de-France region is comparable to the rest of the country in terms of the level of cannabis use and the factors associated with this use: being male, living in a single-parent or blended family, and having experienced adverse family events during childhood (parental separation or divorce, illness of a parent, etc.). However, the Ile-de-France region differs from the provinces in terms of higher levels of problematic cannabis use and a greater risk of cannabis use after adjusting for alcohol and tobacco use. (R.A.)