Since the early 1990s in France, random-sample telephone surveys have played a significant role in the field of social sciences and public health research. In particular, they have made it possible to track trends over more than a decade through repeated cross-sectional surveys such as the INPES Health Barometers. While the rapid evolution of telecommunications has been accompanied by methodological adaptations to surveys to ensure a high level of representativeness, refusal rates, on the other hand, are increasingly high, likely due to the saturation of a population that readily claims to be overburdened by marketing and polling firms, but also in connection with a quest for sample quality. It therefore seems necessary to take stock of these issues in order to explore solutions that will allow us to maintain this data collection method, which offers numerous advantages.[author’s abstract]