While drug use before the age of 14 is relatively rare, it very often indicates situations of vulnerability that require prompt intervention and, therefore, an effective public response. Significant efforts have been made in recent years to prevent drug use among young people, as evidenced by information and prevention campaigns targeting the general public and the establishment of “cannabis clinics.” The integration of law enforcement and public health aspects of the public response, a cornerstone of the current care system, raises questions about the respective roles and positions of healthcare personnel and law enforcement agencies. The aim here is to report on the evolution and implementation of public measures designed to identify and “manage” drug use among the youngest populations, as well as to highlight the benefits of early identification and intervention. [author’s abstract]