Introduction: The objective was to describe mortality associated with mental disorders (MDs) in France. Methods: Our analysis, known as a multiple-cause analysis, examines both the underlying causes (UC) and the associated causes of deaths occurring in France from 2000 to 2013, drawn from the national CépiDc-Inserm database. All MDs in Chapter F of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10, codes F00 to F99) as well as subgroups were considered. Results: From 2000 to 2013, 783,403 deaths with a specified cause of death were recorded, representing an average of 55,957 annual deaths and 10.3% of all deaths occurring during this period. Age-standardized death rates from mental disorders decreased overall (-15.1%) over the entire period. For both men and women, the average age at death was particularly low for schizophrenia (55.9 years and 67.6 years, respectively) and for alcohol-related mental disorders (59.4 and 60.7 years, respectively). The leading causes of death were as follows: for deaths with a specified underlying cause, suicide (11.1%) ranked third, behind cardiovascular causes (27.3%) and cancers (18.1%), whereas for deaths without mention of mental disorders, suicide (1.3%) ranked far behind cancers (31.0%) and cardiovascular causes (28.9%). Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of addressing both the mental and physical health of individuals with TM, as well as the need to develop preventive measures for this population, particularly regarding suicide but also addressing cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic risk factors.