The study of gambling practices is a relatively recent development in France. Two surveys allow for the study of these behaviors before and after the 2010 legislative changes that altered regulations in this area. A first survey assessed gambling behavior in 2010, as recommended by the Inserm expert panel (Inserm, 2008). Four years later, a second survey, resulting from a collaboration between the Gaming Observatory and INPES, allows for a comparison of the results with those of the previous survey, thereby documenting the evolution over this period of French people’s gambling practices, their frequency, their intensity, and the extent of the harm caused.