Objective: In 2009, a meta-analysis revealed an increased risk of hypertension (HTN) associated with exposure to aircraft noise. One of the objectives of the Debats study (Discussion on the Health Effects of Aircraft Noise), conducted in 2013, was to describe the prevalence of HTN and to investigate whether there is an association between exposure to aircraft noise and the risk of HTN among residents living near airports in France. Methods: Blood pressure was measured in 1,244 residents living near the Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle, Lyon-Saint-Exupéry, and Toulouse-Blagnac airports. Information regarding potential risk factors for HTN was collected either via a questionnaire administered face-to-face by an interviewer or through objective measurements taken by the interviewer. Exposure to aircraft noise at participants’ homes was estimated using noise maps provided by the airports. Potential risk factors for hypertension were included in logistic regression models as confounding factors. Results: The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher among men (37.0%) than among women (30.5%). A significant increase in the risk of hypertension was observed in men (ORa=1.34, 95% CI: [1.00–1.97]), but not in women (ORa=0.90 [0.66–1.22]) for a 10 dB(A) increase in nighttime aircraft noise exposure. Conclusion: These results confirm those of most previous studies, which suggest that exposure to aircraft noise at night increases the risk of hypertension in men.