Introduction. The objective of our study was to analyze the temporal trends and geographic variation in surgical procedures for cryptorchidism and hypospadias. Methods. The algorithm for selecting hospital stays was based on the national PMSI database and relied on: - the coexistence during a hospital stay of a diagnosis of cryptorchidism or hypospadias and a surgical procedure code corresponding to the congenital malformation; - at least one of the two codes had to be specific to the condition. The analysis was conducted on hospital stays, and the reference region was the patient’s place of residence. Results. Over the 2005–2008 period, the rate of surgical procedures for cryptorchidism was 2.65 per 1,000 boys under the age of seven per year in mainland France, with an annual increase of 1.8% between 1998 and 2008, and 1.37 in the French overseas departments (DOM), with an annual increase of 4% between 2000 and 2008. For hypospadias, this rate was 1.14 in mainland France in 2005–2008 and increased annually by 1.2%. In the French overseas departments, it was 0.66 with no significant increase. Discussion and conclusion. Surgical intervention rates reflect the severity of the condition (operated forms). They also depend on the availability of care, medical practices, and PMSI coding habits. Nevertheless, they serve as good indicators for analyzing temporal trends and geographic variations in the surgical management of these conditions, particularly since the introduction of activity-based pricing in 2005. An annual increase in the rate of surgical procedures for cryptorchidism, which is lower for hypospadias, is shown. Regional variability is observed, which is neither systematic across the two congenital malformations studied nor strictly superimposable on regional surgical density. (R.A.)